Think Ahead: Cost Discounting and External Validity in Foreign Policy Survey Experiments

origins of armenia’s foreign policy and its foreign policy towards iran

foreign policy takes root from complicated matters. however, this issue may be more truth about armenia. although the new government of armenia is less than 20 years, people of this territory are the first ones who officially accepted christianity. in very past times, these people were a part of great emperors like iran, rome, and byzantium.armenia is regarded as a nation with a privileged hist...

Identity and Foreign Policy

The Impact of Israeli Think Tanks on Israel's Foreign Policy (2006-2017)

In the modern world, government policy makers engage in the decision making process to pursue the interests of their countries. Think tanks play a significant role in this complicated process by giving advice to decision makers. Since the beginning of the twentieth century, think tanks increasingly emerged in the world, especially in Western European countries and the United States of America (...

Internal and External Validity in Economics Research: Trade-offs between Experiments, Field Experiments, Natural Experiments a

In the realm of empirical research, investigators are first and foremost concerned with the validity of their results, but validity is a multi-dimensional ideal. In this article we discuss two key dimensions of validity – internal and external validity – and underscore the natural tension that arises in choosing a research approach to maximize both types of validity. We propose that the most co...

How reviewers think about internal and external validity in empirical software engineering

Empirical methods have grown common in software engineering, but there is no consensus on how to apply them properly. Is practical relevance key? Do in-ternally valid studies have any value? Should we replicate more to address the trade-off between internal and external validity? We asked the key players of software-engineering research, but they do not agree on answers to these questions. The ...